Drug name: Doxycycline

Therapeutic effects:

Doxycycline is an antibiotic that has a bacteriostatic effect and inhibits protein biosynthesis on the ribosomal level. Doxycycline is highly effective against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Clostridium spp., Listeria spp.; and gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp., Entamoeba histolytisa, E. coli, Shigella spp., Enterobacter, Salmonella spp., Pasteurella spp., Bacteroides spp., Treponema spp. (including strains resistant to other antibiotics such as modern penicillins and cephalosporins).

Doxycycline is effective against most pathogens and infectious diseases: plague, tularemia, anthrax, legionella, brucella, vibrio cholerae, rickettsia, causative agents of glanders, chlamydia (causative agents of ornithosis, psittacosis, trachoma, venereal granuloma).

Indications:

• infections of the respiratory system and ENT organs (ear infection, tonsillitis, sinusitis, etc.) In respiratory tract and ENT infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spr., Streptococcus pneumoniae. Doxycycline is used as an alternative drug in patients with hypersensitivity to penicillin
• infections of the genitourinary system
• conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
• infection caused by Rickettsia spp. - typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Q fever, trench fever, ehrlichiosis
• gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) and syphilis (Treponema pallidum) in patients with hypersensitivity to penicillins
• cholera (Vibrio comma)
• inguinal granuloma caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
• chancroid caused by Haemophilus ducreui
• trachoma (Chlamudia trachomatis)
• psittacosis (Chlamudia psittaci)
• brucellosis (Brucella spp.) - in combination with streptomycin
• Bartonella infections
• plague (Yersinia pestis)
• tularemia caused by Francisella tularensis
• infections caused by Campylobacter fetus
• prevention of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum

Side-effects:

• CNS: dizziness, increased intracranial pressure (nausea, vomiting, headache)
• Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, dysphagia, stomatitis, glossitis, esophagitis, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, proctitis, candidiasis, intestinal dysbiosis, pseudomembranous colitis
• Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, eosinophilia
• Allergic and dermatologic reactions: skin rash, itching, hives, angioedema, dyspnea, anaphylaxis, photosensitivity, exfoliative dermatitis
• Candidiasis (glossitis, stomatitis, proctitis, vaginitis)
• Other: sweating, pericarditis, exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus; in children - changed color of the teeth, damage of tooth enamel, delayed development of the skeleton

Drug interactions:

Doxycycline should not be used with:

• Antacids
• Iron, magnesium supplements
• Stimulants of microsomal oxidation
• Indirect anticoagulants
• Bactericidal antibiotics
• Oral birth control with estrogen
• Vitamin A
• Sulfonylureas
• Nephrotoxic drugs

Cautions and restrictions:

Doxycycline should not be used in the following cases:

• hypersensitivity to doxycycline and other tetracyclines
• porphyria
• severe hepatic impairment
• leukopenia
• period of tooth development - children under the age of 8-9 years
• pregnancy (especially II and III trimesters)
• breastfeeding
• myasthenia gravis (for I/V use)

Doxycycline is used with caution:

• liver failure
• severe renal insufficiency
• systemic lupus erythematosus

Additional information:

Store in a dry place, protected from light, inaccessible to children at temperature below 25 degrees C.